Ethics Program Quick 2 Serve Company

Company Overview and Benchmarking Quick 2 Serve is a company that operates within the hospitality industry, and specializes in hot foodstuffs, beverages and offers lodging services. It was launched in 2008 starting its operations as a small scale restaurant in New York, but has since increased in size opening three new branches within the city. Some of the offered products and services offered by the restaurant include the following:Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Ethics Program: Quick 2 Serve Company specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Solid foods: Noodles, rice meals, pastas, pies etc. Liquid foods: Hot beverages such as tea, coffee, soups, chocolate etc. Lodging services. There should be specific codes of conduct that must be followed for the business to operate without daunting problems. In this section, the author provides a critic for codes of conduct of similar companies that include McDonalds, Darden, as well as Marriot Restaurants. McDonalds Restaurant McDonald restaurant has a well defined code of conduct that covers both their suppliers and employees. For example, it specifies that all employees deserve to be handled with dignity and respect, and all parties should always be ethical, truthful and dependable when offering their services (McDonalds, 2010). Darden Restaurant Darden’s has a well stipulated code of conduct that touches several areas such as conflict of interest, corporate opportunities, confidentiality, fair dealing, and compliance with various laws among others. It is strictly prohibited for the employees to have conflicting interest with the company, disclose confidential information about the company, or fail to adhere to the governing laws (Darden, 2011). Marriott International Marriott international fosters its tradition of integrity that is guided by strict values of conduct. These include accuracy, honesty, and fairness; deterrence from illegal behavior; abiding by the law; realizing the repercussions of one’s actions; being trustworthy, maintaining dignity and respect, as well as working for the benefit of the community (Marriott, 2011). In all the scenarios, employees are expected to follow the codes of conduct in order to avoid facing disciplinary actions of risk being loosing employment. Ethical Challenges and Codes of Conduct Since Quick 2 Serve provides foodstuff and offers lodging facilities, it falls under the hospitality industry; hence, there exist several ethical challenges that may affect the business. Some of these challenges include the problems associated with the implementation of a rewarding scheme, supervisor authority, as well as reporting of unethical behavior. However, the following codes of contact will be employed in order to maintain a high level of efficiency and productivity for the organization: Integrity, Honesty, and Fairness: Employees should serve with integrity, honesty and fairness. Conflict of Interest: Employees must deter from having conflicting interest with Quick 2 Serve Restaurant. Compliance with Laws, Rules and Regulations: Employees should adhere to all statutory laws, rules and regulations. Reporting of Unethical Behaviors: Employees are encouraged to report any illegal or unethical behavior to the appropriate departments. Supervisor-Employee Relationship: Each party should treat the other with respect and honesty according to the organizations values. Dignity and Respect: All parties must handle each other with dignity and respect. With this code of conduct, the organization will operate effectively within the region for the benefit of all the parties.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More How FSGO Influences the Ethics Program The Federal Sentencing Guidelines for Organizations (FSGO) is a remarkably valuable body of government that ensures organizations establish ethics programs, which will assist the management in conducting ethical business practices. Therefore, the body will influence the success of the organization by enabling the following: Induce the reduction of potential cases for criminal conduct through the implementation of compliance rules and regulations for the company. Enable the identification, selection, and appointment of high-ranking personnel that will ensure compliance of the aforementioned rules and regulations. Ensure that the codes of conduct are carefully passed through training programs and publications, which pass on what is need with a significant level of detail. Ensure the creation of responsible, honest, and trustworthy relationships through the application of disciplinary actions to unethical individuals (United States Sentencing Commission, 2011). Challenges in Adoption and Enforcement of the Code of Conduct During the adoption and enforcement of the codes of Conduct for the organization, there a re several challenges that are expected. The following challenges have been identified and their subsequent solutions given as appropriate. Rewards Scheme As established in various studies, incentives and reward systems within an organization play a crucial role in motivating workers towards an increased productivity (White, n.d.). Unfortunately, the idea of rewarding workers for ethical behavior is difficult to realize as the scheme is the least well developed; hence, this would be a huge setback in setting it up within the organization. However, a scheme to reward the best employee that has shown outstanding ethical behavior over the longest duration shall be employed. As such, this will be much easier by establishing a yearly reward scheme; this gives adequate time for identifying the most outstanding employee. Supervisors While establishing the codes of conduct, it is crucial to observe the important role played by supervisors. Several surveys have established the fact that supe rvisors’ behaviors are a key influence during business decision making (White, n.d.). In its attempt to set up an acceptable code of conduct, the company is exposed to serious challenges due to the risk brought forward by supervisors putting the wrong kind of pressure on employees. Usually, the supervisor-employee relationship determines the level of risks that should be expected; for instance, a bad relationship would result in the supervisor pressuring the employee to deliver what is realistically impossible. As a result, the employee may decide to compromise his/her own values alongside the organizations standards in an attempt to save the situation at hand. As a solution, we shall establish a code that provides a chance for employees to report to senior management where they feel they are put under pressure for what is impossible to achieve. This will ensure that supervisors do not unfairly treat employees and that they maintain a good working relationship.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Ethics Program: Quick 2 Serve Company specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Whistle Blowing On several occasions, it is normally beneficial for the company to allow reporting of illegal behavior by employees within an organization. However, some employees may take advantage of others by giving false reports about them so that they can be sacked. Such cases have been experienced in other organizations where the report criteria are superficial and there are inadequate evidences to prove the validity of such claims. In Quick 2 Serve, however, there shall be stern repercussions for employees who will give false reports about others, and may include loss of employment. Relevance of the Code of Conduct Despite the fact that there are constant influences created by changing political, economic, social, technological, and cultural forces on organizations, the codes of conduct must remain relevant within the coming years. As a way of ensuring the codes of conduct remains relevant, they have been produced in a standard format that will be acceptable over a long duration. Additionally, there is room for changes and modification on some of the codes of conduct to accommodate any future changes that may occur. This will ensure that the organization is natured towards the right direction for the success of the business. References Darden: RP-3: Code of Business Conduct and Ethics. (2011). Web. Marriott: Business Conduct Guide. (2011). Web. McDonalds: Standards of Business Conduct for Employees. (2010). Web.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More United States Sentencing Commission: 2011 Federal Sentencing Guidelines Manual. (2011). Web. White, T. Ethics Incorporated: How America’s Corporations are Institutionalizing Moral Values. Web. This essay on Ethics Program: Quick 2 Serve Company was written and submitted by user Asia Lott to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

short paper test development Essays - Education, Psychometrics

short paper test development Essays - Education, Psychometrics Test Development: What Makes a Good Test Bonnie Perry January 6, 2019 Test Development: What Makes a Good Test There are various experts that claim a "good test" does not exist. A world that is devoid of tests, would be lacking proper diagnostics to measure the appropriateness of professionals such as doctors, lawyers or politicians (Cohen, 2017). According to Cohen (2017) a good test can not only be reliable but also valid . In the search for a valid, fair and reliable tests there is an intricate process that repetitively deviates and improves as time, society , new technology and cultural integration develops . The d evelopers of test use a sequence of steps to create "good" tests , commonly this involves five basic stages (Jacobs, 2004). These stages consist of : Conceptualization Construction try-out Analysis finalization (Cohen, 2017). Making a Good Test A good test begins with the conceptualization stage the developers of the test identify the objectives and outline the purpose of testing (DeVellis, 2016), a t this time a determination is made if there is a necessity for the test (Cohen, 2017). T he developers at that time will decide what is being test ed and why, and if it is beneficial to design the test . In t he conceptualization stage of a test developers are characterizing the purpose and necessity also revealing the construct that will be measured and the population used DeVellis (2016), also possible formats a test may undertake (Cohen, 2017). P ast and present research relating to the construct is examined to correctly describe the existing data and observations of the information being measured. Next, is the construction stage of test development takes place and consist of producing a bank of items (known as an item bank), choosing a format for the test and sorting test items in the item bank to construct the preferred structure of the test (Cohen, 2017). Also, in the construction phase developers define what type of scale will be used to score the test (DeVellis, 2016). Essentially, this phase incorporates all characteristics of the final style of the test. Once the construction phase is accomplished , developers working to produce a good test will progress to the try-out and analysis stages. The tryout stage is using a comparable population of what the test is intended for (Cohen, 2017). Continuing to the analysis phase, once the test is scored corresponding to the selected scale the scores are assessed, and test items are then considered to be good or determined to require revision or complete rejection (Cohen, 2017). When considering a good test item, it is found to be reliable, valid, and helps t o distinguish test takers (Cohen, 2017). A g ood test item usually is answered correctly by a high number of high -scorers and a moderately low number of low-scorers (Cohen, 2017). When the original test construction is complete, and data analyzed, item revision concurring with the data is collected then finalization of the test is done (Cohen, 2017). D evelopers will mold the original construction into what will be the final version by editing the format to increase its complete usefulness (DeVellis, 2016). T he revised version is used on a new comparable group of test-takers and the results are re-analyzed. Th is process is repeat ed until the test developers are satisfied the test has reached its maximum validity and reliability (Jacobs, 2004). Validity and Reliability For a test developer to b e li ev e their test is valid, reliable, and fair, what does a developer do to confirm their test has met all three measures? In order to answe r that question, it is essential to distinguish validity, reliability, and fairness as they relate to the test. Measuring exactly what is intended makes it valid and a high degree of precision and reliability makes it reliable (Cohen, 2017). In order to accomplish the v alidity of a test developers must ensure that; a) the test item sample s are adequately at the proper range of test takers needed to measure the test objective; b) scoring correctly replicates the behavior of the test-takers; and c) test scoring is comparable to additional test that measure

How Litigation and Court System Affect Immigration Research Paper

How Litigation and Court System Affect Immigration - Research Paper Example The Centre for Public Studies also reported that the United Nations in 2005 found that there were at least 191 million migrants of international descent across the globe. This represents about 3% of the total world populations and is mostly from the developing nations. The numbers of people living in their countries of birth are expected to dwindle in the near future since there is an increasing influx of individuals who seek residence outside their countries of origin mainly for financial reasons. In the current day of world economic recession, influxes of immigrants are posing financial/economic, safety and population challenges in the countries that host immigrants. The increases in population are rising faster than economic growth. Given that most countries are putting down strict laws where immigrants and refugees are concerned, most immigrants are finding â€Å"underhand ways of becoming citizens of the countries† that they desire thereby raising diplomatic and legal con cerns in the countries affected (Romero and Hing 230). The problems that have accompanied the influx of immigrants are not limited to logistical issues on housing and economy, but also on fraud and security issues. Among the most significant questions that have been raised are the employment of non-immigrant citizens, government provision of infrastructure and the longtime change of culture and ways of life of the people; which adversely affects the citizens. For the stated reasons, many governments have developed different policies and laws that govern the acceptance and handling of immigrants. Wexler widely studied that the laws vary from one country to another and the judicial involvement in cases pertaining to such topics also varies from one country to another (1). The politics of immigration in the present day is however increasingly revolving around issues like terrorism and national security. For example, the Australian public policy debates on immigration have been based on the burdens that result from populations surges may have on the infrastructure, public services and the natural environment. There is increasingly a high level of political sensitivity on uncontrolled entry of migrants and the risk of ethnic and racial tensions that might result from such associations. Wexler stated that judicial power has been invoked in the concern for immigration issues and parliament has over time tried to confine the area of operation of the judicial review and the jurisdiction of courts (1). In the United States, the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952 forms the basic body of immigration law in the country. This Act is also contained in the United States Code (U.S.C.) which contains all the laws of the United States of America. This Act has undergone several amendments so as to reach several current requirements in immigration. In the 1990 Immigration and Nationality Act, an amendment was done to change the preference and level of admission of immigrants into the United States. It was also meant to provide administrative naturalization among other functions.  

Compare and contrast three ethical theories Research Paper

Compare and contrast three ethical theories - Research Paper Example We always, or, rather, mostly focus on actions but we can have a change and focus on consequences. When we focus on consequences we wind up with consequentialism and utilitarianism is one type of consequentialism and the founding father was Jeremy Bentham. (Lafollette, 28) Utilitarianism is divided into two, rule utilitarianism and act utilitarianism. In act utilitarianism, a person performs the acts whose end results are beneficial to a majority of people, without taking into consideration personal feelings or the societal constraints such as laws. Rule utilitarianism on the contrary takes into consideration the law and upholds fairness. A rule utilitarian uses fair and just means to benefit most people. Utilitarianism just like any other ethical theory has flaws. This can be seen in the sense that it is very hard or almost impossible to determine the amount of pleasure that will result from the action. This is because we cannot quantify pleasure and that the pleasure of one person is not the same as the pleasure of another person. The deontological theory spells out that people should adhere to their duties and obligations when analyzing ethical dilemmas. This ethical theory elaborates that the most important aspects of our lives are governed by certain unbreakable moral rules. Deontologists argue that these rules are not to be broken even if their absolution will improve a situation. Whoever follows this theory is bound to produce very consistent decisions since they are mostly based on the individuals set duties. This theory provides ground for obligations and special duties to specific people, such as family. A good and simple example is where an older brother has an obligation to offer protection to his little when they cross a busy road together. Praise is also offered to those who exceed their obligations and duties, which is referred to as supererogation. A

Do we train low-income students, and so limit their potential Essay

Do we train low-income students, and so limit their potential - Essay Example The main part played by engagement cannot be over-emphasized for the students whose achievements have been hurdled by limited experiences, resources as well as support and the conventional instructional practices have been identified as the main causes of increased risk of delays in students. Critical dissimilarities in achievement outcomes also favor the engaged students more than their disengaged counterparts who have the same level of ability. As the number of low-income students continues to increase, the number of low income students who complete their college their college education is significantly lower than those who come from high income families. â€Å"One explanation is simply that the rich have clearly gotten richer† (DeParle) Even though there are numerous challenges faced by the students who hail from low income families in regard to enrolment to colleges, the financial challenges they face can be mitigated through creation of policies that will reduce the costs these students have to incur. Decreased costs may reverse the fact that the low-income students are averse to debts and will try their best to avoid borrowing to go to college. High loans as well as the abhorrence to amass debts develop consequences that affect increased production in education. The students who have large loans have lower levels of persistence as compared with the ones who have considerably lower loans or no financial aid. Even the students who attend the less expensive community colleges are affected by the same phenomenon, as those who have loans are not as persistent in their education when compared to those who do not have loans. The low-income students also experience â€Å"under-matching, choosing a close or familiar sch ool instead of the best they can attend† (DeParle). When the needs of the students are not meant through

Purification of Alcohol Dehydrogenase From Bovine Liver

Purification of Alcohol Dehydrogenase From Bovine Liver Jekathjenani Ratnakumaran Namrata Verma Introduction: In the world of chemistry, there are millions of enzymes, but in this lab the enzyme used is bovine alcohol dehydrogenase. This enzyme occurs in various mammalian tissues, but generally found in high concentrations in the organs such as liver and kidney. According to its name Bovine alcohol dehydrogenase, which implicates that it is collectively formed from bovine (cow), alcohol and the enzyme dehydrogenase. The protein was extracted from the liver of bovine. Alcohol is an organic compound which contains carbon atom (single bonds) and hydrogen atoms. This alcohol is available in various forms of liquid and used for a variety of purposes. According to its properties, alcohol is a hydroxyl group which has a sweet odor similar to fruit. Alcohol are further divided and identified into different groups and also they are polar. As they possess hydrogen bonding they have higher boiling points. Dehydrogenase is a type of an enzyme which oxidizes a substrate by a reduction reaction that trans fers one or more hydrogen H- to the electron acceptor which is NAD+ /NADP (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) or FAD Flavin coenzyme (Shibusawa et al, 2004). Collectively, it forms alcohol dehydrogenase, which is ADH persuaded by ethanol and acetaldehyde as they relate to carbon catabolite repression. It is also zinc containing enzyme which is activated by glutathione and EDTA, which contains heavy metals (Pateman et al, 1983). Many organisms contain an alcohol dehydrogenase enzyme which catalyzes the NADPH dependent of aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes into subsequent alcohols and catalyze the reduction of glyceraldehyde to glycerol (Arslanian et al, 1971). Alcohol dehydrogenase contains a several isozymes which catalyze the oxidation of primary and secondary alcohols to convert into aldehydes and ketones (Arslanian et al, 1971). The molecular weight of this enzyme is 39677.13 Da and it is made up of 374 amino acid sequence. The monoisotopic mass of this enzyme is 39651.32 and its p H value ranges between 8.6 to 9.0 with an extension coefficient of 12.6 and an isoelectric point at 5.4, its theoretical pI is 7.46.The alcohol dehydrogenase is also known for its battle against alcohol , its toxic molecules which negotiates with the nervous system so, the body organs which consist of high toxic of alcohol are liver and stomach which converts alcohol to acetaldehyde which is even more toxic substance and further it is conversted to acetate which is utilized by the cells present within our body (Goodsell et al, 2001). So overall, alcohol dehydrogenase converts potentially dangerous molecule into food ustilized by the cells preent within the body.In human bidy, alcohol dehydrogenase can create upto nine different kinds of alcohol dehydrogenase each having different properties. For example in liver beta3 enzyme(Goodsell et al, 2001).These each enzyme is formed of two subunits and they can be mixed and match to create mixed dimerss which are more active.Alcohol dehdroge nates also modifies certain other alcohols with giving outcome of dangerous products such as methanol. These by products are converted into formaldehyde by help of alcohol dehydrogenase (Goodsell et al, 2001). Catalytic activity of alcohol dehydrogenase: NADPH + an aldehyde NADP+ + an alcohol Methods: In order to conduct this laboratory experiment, All the required apparatus and materials were provided during the lab. Certain precautions and safety rules were followed such as gloves, safety glasses and lab coat. This lab was conducted for about duration of 11-12 weeks. According to the article (Arslanian et al, 1971) most of the steps and procedure was followed. Purification of the enzyme was carried out by following up eight steps. Precautions were made while the experiment was performed. Equipments were rinsed with distilled water before starting the experiment. The reagent and buffer solution were prepared with distilled water. All procedures were carried out at 0-40C. Buffer Preparation: The first step involved in the buffer preparation. The stock solution, 0.1M Tris HCl at pH 7.6 was prepared by dissolving 12.14 g of Tris base with 1000 ml of distilled water and the pH was adjusted to 7.6 by adding diluted HCl. The Tris HCl buffer solution with different concentrations such as 10mM (pH 7.5), 40mM (pH 7.6) and 50mM (pH 7.5) were prepared by diluting the stock solution with distilled water. Sodium Chloride elutant buffer (0.16M NaCl) was prepared by dissolving 9.3504 g of NaCl with 1000 ml of distilled water. Preparation of Homogenate: The second step involved the preparation of the homogenate. The bovine liver was homogenized in a Waring blender in 90 ml of 0.32 M sucrose in 10mM Tris HCl buffer at pH 7.5. Approximately 27.39 g of sucrose was added in 250 ml of 0.01M Tris HCl to make 0.32M sucrose in 10mM of Tris HCl at pH 7.5. The homogenate was centrifuged at 15000 RPM for 30 minutes using centrifuge-Sorvall RC5 refrigerated centrifuge SS 34. Ammonium Sulfate Fractionation: Step three involved ammonium sulfate fractionation. The homogenate was 35% saturated and equilibrated with ammonium sulfate by dissolving 20.9 g of ammonium sulfate in 250 ml of distilled water. The supernatant was centrifuged at 15000 RPM for 30 minutes and the precipitate was discarded. Then, concentration was increased to 60% saturated ammonium sulfate by dissolving 16.4 g in 500 ml of distilled water. The suspension was centrifuged at 15000 RPM for 30 minutes. The obtained gray pellet was dissolved in 40mM Tris HCl buffer at pH 7.6. Then, the solution was dialyzed against 2L of 0.04M Tris HCl at pH 7.6 for 24 hours and again dialyzed with same buffer for another 24 hours. Performing DEAE-Sepharose Chromatography: The fourth step involved DEAE-Sephrose Chromatography. DEAE-Sepharose column that can hold up to 10ml volume was applied. The column was equilibrated by applying four times of 10ml of 40mM of Tris HCl, pH 7.6 buffer. About 10ml volume of centrifuged and dialyzed material was applied through the column. The column was washed with the same buffer (40mM of Tris HCl, pH 7.6) and then eluted by 40mM of Tris HCl with 50mM of NaCl. About 1 ml volume of twenty fractions of enzyme solution was collected using microfuge tubes. Enzyme Activity Assay: Fifth step involved measuring enzyme activity using a spectrometer. The enzymatic activity was initiated with 1mL of volume of blank solution containing 20  µl of distilled water, 10  µl 33mM of ethanol, 10  µl of 0.26mM of NAD+ and 960  µl of 0.1M of glycine buffer. Enzymatic assay activity was measured by taking total volume of 1000  µl containing 20 µl of enzyme solution, 10  µl 33mM of ethanol, 10  µl of 0.26mM of NAD+ and 960  µl of 0.1M of glycine buffer. The wavelength was set up at 340nm and measured using Cary 50s and 60s spectrometer. One unit of activity equals 1 µmol NADH produced per min based on the absorption coefficient of 6220 mol/l/cm for NADH at 340 nm. The above procedure was repeated for kinetic analysis and the range of ethanol concentration used was 20 to 25 mM. The observed data were fitted using Lineweaver -Burk kinetic plots. Gel filtration: The sixth step involved gel filtration. The enzyme was precipitated by 62% saturated ammonium sulfate and dissolve in 10ml of 50 M Tris-HCl, pH 7.5. The suspension was centrifuged for 20 min at 10000 RPM. Then, the column of Sephadex G-50 was run with 10 ml of enzyme solution. The column was equilibrated and washed with 50 M Tris- HCl buffer, pH 7.5. Then, the column was eluted by 50mM of Tris HCl with 50mM of NaCl. Around 10 fractions were collected at the rate of 1 ml/min in a microfuge tube. The highest highest specific activity fractions were precipitated by 62% saturation with ammonium sulfate. In the final step, the enzyme was redissolved in 5 ml of same buffer and apply to the column of Sephadex G-50 under the same conditions. Again, the highest specific activity fractions were precipitated by 62% saturation with ammonium sulfate. Performing CM-Sephadex chromatography: The precipitated enzyme was dissolved in 1 ml of potassium phosphate buffer contain 0.02M of NaCl, pH 7.0 and the enzyme solution was dialyzed against the same buffer for 2 hours. 10ml of non diffusible material was applied to a CM-Sephadex column. Then, the column was equilibrated with the same buffer. Then, the enzyme was eluted from the column with two column volumes of 0.16 M of NaCl (20ml). 10 fractions were collected and precipitated with 62% saturated ammonium sulfate. Bradford Assay: The eighth step involved Bradford Assay. The data (absorbance) observed from Bradford Assay Standards was used for calculating the mass of BSA in  µg. The final step used in this experiment was SDS PAGE method. About 20 µl of enzyme with loading buffer was loaded on the gel and by observing the gel, the mass of the protein was calculated. Results: Bovine Alcohol Dehydrogenase (ADH) was purified by following up few methods. The experimental results were observed and recorded for appropriate methods. Using DEAE Sepharose Chromatography, fractions were collected and all the fractions were appeared colorless. The enzymatic assay activity was measured at 340nm using spectrometer. The figure 1 indicates that the enzyme activity was increased by absorbing the NADH. The highest specific activity was selected based on the graph obtained in the enzyme kinetic activity. However, this method failed, resulting no increased activity. The enzyme kinetic activity had done for all the fractions, but none of them shown the accurate result. The graph obtained from the spectrometer does not show the increased activity of the enzyme to conclude the presence of protein. The result of the enzyme activities of collecting fractions was shown in figure 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 respectively. However, the Bradford assay method was performed and the absorbance of the standards and the enzyme were recorded in the following tables. Based on these values, the graph of standard curve of absorbance versus mass of BSA was plotted. Table 1: The following table represents the recorded values of absorbance at 540 nm and calculated the mass of the BSA using the Bradford assay method Figure 1: Represents the enzymatic activity obtained from the purified protein ADH after ammonium fractionation method had performed and the peaks are showing that activity is increased. The above plot was obtained at 340 nm using Cary 50s-60s spectrometer and it was run as two parts for 4 minutes. Figure 2: Represents the standard curve of A595 versus mass of ADH protein obtained from the Bradford assay method. From the slope value obtained from the curve, the mass of the ADH protein was calculated. The mass of the protein calculated from the figure 2 is 4.766  µg and concentration of the protein is 4.766  µg / 25  µl SDS-PAGE method: Table 2: Represents the recorded values of SDS-PAGE method for the determination of molecular weight of the ADH purified protein Protein Molecular weight (Dalton) Log (Molecular Weight) Mobility (cm) Strand 1 60000 4.778 4.8 Strand 2 50000 4.699 5.1 Strand 3 40000 4.602 6.5 Strand 4 25000 4.398 7.0 Strand 5 20000 4.301 9.3 Figure 3: Represents the SDS-PAGE analysis of purified protein bovine Alcohol Dehydrogenase (ADH). The graph was plotted with log of molecular weight versus mobility of protein based on the SDS-PAGE values. Figure 4: Represents the single band on an SDS-PAGE gel (9th lane). This figure shown the proof of the protein ADH present in the enzyme solution and mass of the protein was calculated based on the obtained SDS-PAGE results. From the figure 3 and 4, the mass of the protein calculated is 345143.74 Da Figure 5: Represents the enzymatic activity obtained in the fraction 9th of the purified protein ADH and the peaks are obtained at 340 nm using Cary 50s-60s spectrometer. Figure 6: Represents the enzymatic activity obtained in the fraction 10th of the purified protein ADH and the peaks are obtained at 340 nm using Cary 50s-60s spectrometer. Figure 7: Represents the enzymatic activity obtained in the fraction 12th of the purified protein ADH and the peaks are obtained at 340 nm using Cary 50s-60s spectrometer. Figure 8: Represents the enzymatic activity obtained in the fraction 13th of the purified protein ADH and the peaks are obtained at 340 nm using Cary 50s-60s spectrometer. Figure 9: Represents the enzymatic activity obtained in the fraction 14th of the purified protein ADH and the peaks are obtained at 340 nm using Cary 50s-60s spectrometer. Discussion: According to the experimental study, the outcome results were not satisfying, so overall the experiment was not successful it failed. Based on the SDS-PAGE, ADH purified protein was not much visible clearly on the gel. Proteins are viewed as bands. SDS-PAGE results indicates that smaller protein molecules are at the bottom of the gel and larger molecules are at the top of the gel. This is showing that SDS-PAGE gel separate the protein molecules based on the size and mass of the protein. Most of the protein bands are viewed in between the molecular weight, 100 kDa and 30 kDa. Determining mass and purifying the protein, Bovine Alcohol Dehydrogenase using the Bradford assay and SDS-PAGE procedure was conducted successfully using this experiment. The result obtained in the SDS-PAGE and Bradford Assay are differ from the standard value and the concentration of the protein was determined using these methods. Based on the molecular mass on the EXPASY website, the standard molecular mass of the ADH protein is 39677.13 Da. The experimental mass of the ADH protein is 345143.74 Da. The mass difference is a large number. This could occur due to the experimental errors. The experimental errors can be avoided by handling equipments and following the instructions in a proper manner. Predicting the protein band on SDS-PAGE gel could cause the error. Moreover, the purification method such as DEAE Sepharose Chromatography was performed to test the enzyme activity of the protein. The obtained results are shown as a figure 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 in the results section. The overall results obtained in these figures indicated that the experiment was not turned successful. The figure 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 shown that enzyme activities are decreasing and wiggling. They are not constantly increasing or decreasing. Therefore, it was concluded that the purification of the enzyme was not turned positive and it could be due to the human errors occurred while conducting the experiment. This could be po ssible due to various reasons such as, during measurements for making the solution at the very beginning may be the concentration required was not appropriate, due to human error it was not properly mixed. It could also be possible that while grinding the liver , certain chunks of the liver were still not properly collected due to which the amount of liver used was not effective to obtain supportive and positive results.The variability of the results presented here is loss of certain atoms during the process of purification as their was no enzyme activity observed.The substrate studies of the alcohol dehydrogenase isolated from the bovine liver have demonstrated the hydrophobic site for binding alcohol (Arslanian et al, 1971). The article mentioned that the buffer that has a low ionic strength is used for the enzyme adsorbtion which caused the incomplete deactivation of enzymes and it was proven evidently (Arslanian et al, 1971). Moreover, as there is no enzyme activity measured in step 5 (DEAE- Sephrose Chromatography), the gel filtration and CM-Sephadex Chromatography method was not performed for this study. The enzyme purification might get succeeded if the study has performed these two methods. The article mentioned that gel filtrations on Sephadex G-100 has successive ability to separate the enzyme from non enzyme protein (Arslanian et al, 1971.) For further studies, more information is required before conducting the study as well as the time allotted was less, due to which it could suggest certain results and test were not done at the appropriate time. In conclusion, the study was conducted by following the method listed in the article. This studys report discussed the properties and successful method for the purification of enzyme, Bovine Alcohol Dehydrogenase. Even though article procedures were followed, errors occurred which resulted in deviations in results. However, the methods of Gel filtration and CM Sephadex Chromatography where successive but could not be conducted in this lab because the enzyme activity was limited after DEAE Chromatography was performed. More caution should have gained while conducting the experiment. It is emphasized that further research on enzyme purification method could improve the results and find success in the study. Appendix: Sample calculation 1: Volume of one microliter= 0.001mL Volume of 20 microliter= (0.001 ml x 20  µL) / 1  µL = 0.02 ml Therefore, mass of protein in 1mL of stock solution= 0.10 mg Mass of protein in 0.02 ml of stock solution = (0.10 mg x 0.02 ml) / 1 ml = 2 x 10-3 mg To convert mg to  µL, multiply by 1000, Mass of protein= 2 x 10-3 x 1000 = 2  µg Absorbance of the ADH purified Protein, y = 0.2544 Slope Line of equation: Y=mx+b Y= 0.0505 x + 0.0137 0.2544 = 0.0505 x + 0.0137 The mass of the protein, x = (0.2544 0.0137) /0.0505  µg = 4.766  µg Concentration of the protein, C = mass/ volume = 4.766  µg / 25  µl = 0.19  µg/  µl Total mass that recovered= Conc. X Total volume = 0.19 x 1000  µl = 190.64  µg SDS- PAGE method: Absorbance of the ADH purified Protein, y = 0.2544 Slope Line of equation: Y= mx+b Y= 6.0902 x + 33.982 0.2544= 6.0902 x + 33.982 X= (0.2544 33.982) / 6.0902 = 5.538 The mass of the protein = 105.538 = 345143.74 Da References: Arslanian,M.J., Pascoe,E,. and Reinhold,J.G., (1971) Rat Liver Alcohol Dehydrogenase.Dept. of Biochem.School of Medicine, American University of Beirut.125,1039-1047. Alcohol Dehydrogenase(ADH)The university of Minnesota Biocatalysis/Biodegradation Database.Calzyme. Lab.inc. Shibusawa,Y.,Fujiwara,T.,Shindo,H., andIto,Y. (2004) Purification of alcohol dehydrogenase from bovine liver crude extract by dye-ligand affinity counter-current chromatography, J. Chromatogr. B. Analyt. Technol. Biomed. Life Sci.799(2):239-44. Pateman,J.A., Doy,C.H.,Olsen,J.E.,Norris,U., Creaser. E.H., and Hynes,M.(1983) Regulation of Alcohol Dehydrogenase (ADH) and Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (ALDDH) in Aspergillus nidulans.Proceedings of the Royal society.Bio.Sci.217, 243-264. Ward,W.W., and Swiatek,G.,(2009) Protein purification.The state University,, Scool of Environmental and Biology Science,Department of Biochem. And Microbio.76,1- 21. Goodsell,D.(2001) Alcohol Dehydrogenase.Molecule if the month. RCSB.Protein Data Bank.doi: 10.2210.

I Beat the Odds :: Personal Narrative Writing

I Beat the Odds Often times I ask myself if the education that I have received was ever worthwhile. I have always received a public-school education. As a matter of fact, I went to a junior high school and high school which was close to the university I am currently attending: the University of Southern California (USC). Growing up, the University of Southern California seemed like an impossible dream. The education I received was insufficient to prepare me for the standardized tests given to high school students across the nation. Preparation for higher education is deficient; mandatory information about college is not given to students. However, receiving an inferior education from a public school strengthened my character and enhanced my perseverance to do great things. My passion and determination brought me to the realization that I can accomplish anything. I was fortunate to grow up in an environment where education was upheld a great value. I understood that the only key to success was to go through the narrow gate that people rarely are willing to enter because they do not take advantage of its offer. Attending the University of Southern California gave me the opportunity to mentor under privileged students about education through an on-campus program called the Joint Educational Program (JEP). I believe education is interlinked with educating others, not solely on subjects such as science, math, or English, but by passing on the information of the prominence of education. I feel compelled to pass down the torch to the unfortunate who do not comprehend the ability that one will gain after receiving education. The atmosphere of my university is not at all the way I expected it to be while I was in high school. At USC, the education is fantastic! I have never learned so many things in such a short period of time. I probably learned more things in one semester than most of my years in high school. I am in the pre-medical field. The classes that the university is making me take are overwhelming. I had doubts of my capability to continue with the field, but when I compare myself with my classmates I feel that I study more than they do, and am retaining a lot more information than they are, because they have already learned

Rice Terraces in Danger Essay

With bare hands and primitive tools, traditional farmers in the highlands of the Phippines have been shaping the Banaue or Ifugao rice terraces into a grandeur feat that attracts the attention of worldwide visitors. The rice terraces with the cluster sites are dated more than 2,000 years old. These spectacular creations, however, are now in danger of crumbling down into oblivion. The Area in Danger These terraces are situated in the mountain region of the northern part of the Philippines about 340 kilometers away from Manila. From here, the high place could be reached some 8 to 9 hours by motor ride. These terraces have been hand-fashioned like great stairs that if laid straight from one point to another are capable of encircling half the earth’s diameter. For thousands of years, this magnificent human feat has intruded human imagination boosting human creativeness and ingenuity. For all the good attributes rendered to this property, the United Nations Educational Scientific Cultural Organization (UNESCO) has listed the site as a world heritage dubbing it as the â€Å"Eight Wonder of the World. † In 1973, the Philippine government gave these heritage properties a special recognition as a national landmark of being a valuable treasure. In 1995, the UNESCO inscribed the Banaue Rice Terraces and the cluster sites in the World Heritage List. In 1994, by virtue of the Presidential Executive Order 158, it created the Ifugao Rice UNESCO Terraces Commission that gives advisory matters to the Philippine President regarding factors affecting them. Diverse Life Forms For thousands of years, the terrace has been serving as home for diverse life forms including aquatic animals, fishes, etc. , thriving in the water-filled, pollution-free paddies. The terrace is also a home for some native red rice varieties and other indigenous rices, which are also considered endangered. In recent years, however, keen observers have noted some negative changes happening within and outside the terraces. Some contributing factors that have been diverting the terraces to these negative changes include environmental degradation and neglect, the rampant use of synthetic pesticides, degrading rice yield, fast rate of urbanization, growing poverty among terrace farmers, and the fermentation of the once solid indigenous folk cultures. Some parts of the heritage property, which were once verdantly green and fertile have now turned into partly eroded brownish, drying grasslands. In 1950, a data report from Abano (2007) shows that farmers cultivated some 15,000 hectares (about 37,000 acres) of this highland terrace. Today, that figure has dwindled to merely 5,000 hectares (about 12,000 acres) maintained by some 100,000 tribal farmers. UNESCO gave warnings in 2001 the possibility of delisting the Banaue Rice Terraces from the World Heritage List. This is because little efforts have been exerted in saving the heritage property from widening irreversible damage. From a distance, desolate terraced landscapes have already shown wears while other similar areas slowly UNESCO disappear due to lack of care. Younger populations from the darkly terraced areas have instead preferred to migrate to the cities where ‘the lights are brighter’ with more income opportunities to choose from. This transmigration has resulted to erosion, not only of the physical terraces they till, but also of the culture and traditions they have been preserving for thousands of years.

Scholarship, Practice and Leadership in Higher Education

From a pragmatic point of view, what higher education demands in the current context of the Information Age and the globalized, digital economy is a vision of improvement and change; that is, a vision for moving forward, a vision which discerns mistakes and more importantly, addresses them. It is important to note that teaching and learning are processes; fundamental modes of human behavior and endeavor. With the increasing demand for higher education across countries, and as new technology applications emerge, most of administrators, faculty, and students embrace a new educational infrastructure; one which is built upon information technology. While this is true, it is also true that the digital divide is widening. This is to say that children from the lowest strata of society have less access to computers, the Worldwide Web, and new information resources in their schools than the wealthy. Such realities create future problems for these children because of the fact that most careers nowadays require information technology skills. Within this context, this paper seeks to explicate how information literacy influences, shapes and moulds scholarship, practice, and leadership in higher education. It is important to note that there are a number of definitions of information literacy but most of these definitions are derived from the definition provided by the American Library Association (ALA) Presidential Committee on Information Literacy (1989): To be information literate, a person must be able to recognize when information is needed and have the ability to locate, evaluate, and use effectively the needed information (p. ) As far as higher education is concerned, information literacy then should not be viewed as discipline specific, but the other way around; a position argued by Diane Zabel in her article entitled â€Å"A Reaction to Information Literacy and Higher Education. † â€Å"It is imperative that information literacy not stand in isolation but be integrated across the curriculum† (Zabel, 20 04). It can be observed that the demands of the current global and digital economy require more collaboration and concerted efforts. If we are to comply with such demands, the direction that our institutions of higher education should take, in terms of their instruction and research should be leaning towards multi-disciplinary, participatory and collaborative approaches. â€Å"For information literacy to succeed, it must be integrated, relevant, ongoing, collaborative, and applied† (Zabel, 2004). Such ideas resonate even in Sean Lauer and Carrie Yodanis’ article entitled, â€Å"The International Social Survey Programme: A Tool for Teaching with an International Perspective. † Lauer’s and Yodanis’ focus is, however, on the teaching of sociology in the undergraduate curriculum. Over the years that we have used ISSP in the classroom, we have found that it does contribute to a learning environment in which students’ sociological questions and answers are not limited to their own country but are cross-national† (Lauer et al, 2004). The current global and digital economy h as implications not only in terms of instruction and research, but also on the concept of leadership. In as far as the current market paradigm is concerned, corporate business activities also tend to put premium on teamwork, collaborations, and collective strength in terms of leadership. In the current global and digital economy, the idea is for an individual to be capable of multi-tasking and networking; faculty members who do not only teach but also do research, practicing nurses who do not only do clinical duty but also do research, sociologists working side by side with medical practitioners, etc. In the final analysis, information literacy is a very important life-skill that an individual should possess in order to cope up with the demands of the globalized and digital economy.

Nationalistic Strategy of Emiratisation

Nationalistic Strategy of Emiratisation Introduction Emiratisation is a nationalistic strategy which has been adopted by the government of the United Arab Emirates to employ its citizens in a meaningful and efficient manner in the public and private sector with a chief aim of utilizing country’s human resources optimally in the economic process and to transfer skills and knowledge from foreigners to Emiratis (Wayne et al., 1999).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Nationalistic Strategy of Emiratisation specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Under Emiratisation the local and federal governments solve the challenges emanating from the policy by inviting and even compelling the private and public sector businesses to apply a specific Emiratisation ratio by adopting a quota based system (Suliman, 2006). Interestingly, with a total population of close to 5 million in the United Arab Emirates, 80 percent of this population is foreigners leaving the rest 20 percent to Emiratis. In the labor market the disparity is even bigger with UAE nationals consisting of only 9.3 of the labor market. The percentage of foreign workers therefore varies across the seven emirates with Dubai having the highest proportion instance where 97.13 percent of total labor forces are foreigners followed by Abu Dhabi (Rees, Mamman Braik, 2007). This paper tries to evaluate the characteristics and approaches used by the United Arab Emirates to solve this disparity in a controversial strategy referred to as Emiratisation. The highly skewed nature of the workforce and employment in the private sector has attracted the concern of both the government and the citizens of the United Arab Emirates especially the low level of representation of the nationals in various professions (Godard, 2001). There has been therefore a policy since 2005 that encourage employers to recruit citizens for positions which fit their qualifications and this has been done by setting quotas for local hire (Forstenlechner, 2010).Advertising Looking for research paper on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This process however may interdict the realizations of a knowledge economy although it has been viewed as affirmative actions with a difference for the minorities who are the locals. In line with the aim to promote knowledge based economy the United Arab Emirates has made an investment of over US$10 billion for the development of what they call a knowledge city (Rees, Mamman Braik, 2007). The aim of total Emiratisation was prospected that it would interdict the goal of the creation of a knowledge economy unless careful calibration of the process is closely checked. As for now the process is being implemented step by step although there are fears that the creation and sustainability of the knowledge economy in the long run may not be compatible with such a nationalistic aspiration. Characterist ics of Emiratisation The aim of the strategy is to exploit human resource fully in the economic process especially be ensuring the skills and knowledge is transferred from expatriates to the Emiratis but this has become a challenging task for both public and private sector as they struggle to strike a balance in their acts with the new legislation (Rees, Mamman Braik, 2007). This is because in a bid to implement it Companies are faced with the challenge of integrating Emiratisation policies, set by the government, into their human resource strategy. Matching the demand for national employees with existing supply in the most efficient way is also faced with a complication because the United Arab Emirates nationals are comprised of young inexperienced work force.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Nationalistic Strategy of Emiratisation specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This is also countered by a common belief and misconception that expatriates have better work attitudes which means they are willing to take a substantially lower wages and work for long hours (Al-Hamadi, Budhwar Shipton, 2007). This has prompted the Emiratis to prefer being employed in the private sector where they feel the conditions are lenient and better remunerations are assured. Moreover, in trying to integrate and attract UAE nationals and secure knowledge transfer from expatriates to UAE nationals the private sector usually engage themselves in Emiratisation activities such as recruitment fairs, training programmes and corporate university involvement (Wayne et al., 1999). Most of these engagements are costly and there are doubts whether they will ever pay off. In the attempt to retain Emirati staff in the workplace there are some common themes for both private and public organisations which also characterize Emiratisation strategy and some of the challenges are common. There are challenges such as insensitivity of the management to cultural differences (OReilly and Chatman, 1986). Since most of the managers and top ranking staff in both private and public sector are expatriates it became difficult for the management to tolerate the culture of Emirati nationals especially when it came to disciplining and issuing out duties. The culture change also included unpopular shift schedules and uniforms which the emirates are not used to and this brings a lot of complains in the work place and hence compromising human resource relation and performance in general.Advertising Looking for research paper on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Another characteristic is a situation where the Emirati nationals lack a coaching and mentoring culture and therefore it is very difficult to manage and sustain skills required by the employer (Forstenlechner, 2010). Emiratisation is also marked by the reluctance of the Emirati nationals to work for long hours and within some set schedules since they were assured of jobs and the government protects their employability. Another characteristic of Emiratisation is high expectations of job promotion by the emirates because the government has decreed that there should be a balance in the workplace ratio but most these nationals lack the required skills and training to fit in the higher posts (OReilly and Chatman, 1986). Other challenges that face Emiratisation include but not limited to lack of performance based culture, the manager’s negative behavior, lack of teamwork collaboration, lack of performance-based culture and family pressures (OReilly and Chatman, 1986). Immediately a fter its inception the strategy was rendered lame by a myriad challenges but there have been concern to seek ways of having it successfully implemented while trying to maintain the UAE investors as well as preparing the prerequisite skills among the nationals. Approaches to Emiratisation However there have been efforts by both the government and the employment sector to correct these challenges in order to achieve the goals of Emiratisation strategy in the United Arab Emirates and several approaches have been adopted. The first approach is that of motivation where is was realized that for the Emiratisation strategy to work Emiratis have to be motivated so as to be retained in the workplace and this can be done through some strategies like aligning the company goals with those of the employees (Wayne et al.,1999). This can be done also by designing the organization in a way that reflect key factors that will enable to boost organisations’ retention of high performing nationals and ensuring that the human resource team match their activities to delivering a highly motivated and performing work force. Another strategy is to assess the culture system and individual needs of the organization and ensuring that the expectations of the organization are set right from the beginning and this will enable the Emiratis to be aware of what is expected of them (OReilly and Chatman, 1986). Further communication among the personnel managers and the workers are encouraged in an honest way so as to change the attitude of both and this can be strengthened by creating clear goals, objectives and expectations whereby employees are encouraged to participate in such initiatives. Other strategies are aimed at; creating a recognition culture and rewarding high performers, offering coaching or mentoring for support and encouragement as well as implementing a strong learning strategy to expand knowledge through further education and development (Rees, Mamman Braik, 2007). Finally there is an established systematic working to improve employee motivation and this helps organisations to reach Emiratisation targets and improve retention rates. There are therefore three approaches that are used in Emiratisation strategy in order to ensure that the mentioned challenges are solved and Emiratisation strategies are successful. Employee Assessment Employee assessment is done before entering into a role within any organization whereby the employee goals are put in line with those of the organization. This is done in order to ensure that the person to be employed meets the requirements of the position both academically and skill wise (Rees, Mamman Braik, 2007). In this assessment the employer is also required to ensure that the employee has grasped the expectations of the organization because this will ensure that there will be less conflict in the work place. In Emiratisation this assessment criteria is an approach which when met in advance of recruitment organisatio ns are expected to obtain the best qualified candidates and fosters confidence that they have the right people in the right positions (Al-Hamadi, Budhwar Shipton, 2007). Career Guidance and Counseling Career guidance and counseling is a key success factor that is expressed by many organisations on retaining Emiratis in the work place because it gives career directed progress that provides a path for further development. The approach is tested and considered to be the best for joining and staying at any organization operating in the United Arab Emirates (Suliman, 2006). When organisations offer career guidance throughout the employee’s career, they foster commitment and maximize the company’s development and success (Wayne et al., 1999). This is done with an understanding that for there to be the required human resource organisations can change the Emiratis’ perception, through guidance on what is expected of them, but not the vise versa. Coaching and Mentoring Coaching and mentoring at work is another strategy that the United Arab Emirates come to find useful in its Emiratisation strategy. This approach is applied because it not only encourages active communication but also allows for mistakes to be shared among the human resource and confidence to be build and thus rewarding recognition (Al-Hamadi, Budhwar Shipton, 2007). This Emiratisation approach will encourage Emiratis to share their concerns and because it provides sufficient support and encouragement the employees will develop skills and this will be reflected in the prosperity of the organisations (Al-Hamadi, Budhwar Shipton, 2007). All these approaches are aimed at selecting and motivating Emirati nationals for successful Emiratisation. The key theme running through all of these is the need to select and motivate Emirati Nationals for successful Emiratisation strategy. References Al-Hamadi, A., Budhwar, P., and Shipton, H. (2007). Management of Human Resource in Oman. Internati onal Journal of HRM, 18(1), 100-113. Godard, J. (2001). Beyond the high-performance paradigm? An analysis of variation in Canadian managerial perceptions of reform programme effectiveness. British Journal of Industrial Relation, 39(1), 25-52. Forstenlechner, I. (2010). Workforce localization in emerging Gulf economies: the need to fine-tune HRM. Journal of Personnel Review, 39(1), 135-152. OReilly, C., Chatman, J. (1986). Organisational commitment and psychological attachment. Journal of Applied Psychology, 71(3), 492-499. Rees, C., Mamman, A., Braik, A. (2007). Emiratization as a strategic HRM change initiative: case study evidence from a UAE petroleum company. International Journal of HRM, 18(1), 33-5. Suliman, A.M. (2006). Link between justice, satisfaction and performance in the workforce, a survey in the UAE and Arabic context. Journal of Management Development, 26(4), 294-311. Wayne, J.S., Liden, C.R., Kraimer, L.M., Graf, K.I. (1999). The role of human capital motivation a nd supervisor sponsorship in predicting career success. Journal of Organisational Behavior, 20(5), 577-595.

Event Handling and Web Forms Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Event Handling and Web Forms - Essay Example An event takes place whenever the user performs an action. The user’s causes an event and when the web page reacts to this event true interactivity between the web page and the user is born. The start of event handling took place when Netscape version 2 browsers were launched; this browser supported JavaScript and hence also supported events. Netscape 2 supported only a few events. Mouse over and Mouse out were two events which became famous with this browser. The Netscape 2 browser was also able to detect the submission of a form, the resetting of form and the time when the page has completed loading (Jackson, 2007). However the problem started with the advent of browser wars between Netscape and IE. Both of them created completed incompatible event models. Thus at present we have to deal with three event models – the Netscape navigator 4(NN4), Internet explorer 4 and the most recent one – W3C model. The first step to ensure cross browser compatibility is to reg ister the event handler. There are four main ways of registering the event handler – inline, traditional, W3C and Microsoft. The best method is to use the traditional method as it is completely compatible across all the browsers and will not cause any problem in any of them. After registering the event; the actual script writing takes place. ... The area where the browser computability is the least is reading out the properties of the event. In this we have to ensure that very detailed object detection is used. The first step should be check if the property exists in the browser and if it does only then should the value be read out (D Flanagan, 2011) The last thing to be decided is the event order. The code –writer has to see if he wants the event to bubble up and if that is not the desired result; the propagation of the event should be stopped. The compatibility between different models is a problem; however if we take in to account the precautions mentioned above a workaround can be easily found for all the platforms. DQ 2 Web Forms Since their inception in the early 1990’s, Web forms have become the essential interface of the transactional Web. They are a central component of e-commerce applications and are use to collect business critical information. It has also been said that Web forms are changing the pa radigm of Business workflows. Do you agree with this? Discuss this in relation of Business workflows and data collection at various points of these workflows. Any company that is engaged in e-commerce has to deal with information at three stages – ordering of a product, processing of that order and shipping the product to the customer. Different information needs to be available at these three points and also needs to be transferred from one point to another. Web forms are one of the most exciting innovations of modern times. They allow the business to interact directly with clients, prospective customers and even the employees of the organisation. With the advent of web forms business workflows of

Journal entries 1 and 2 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Journal entries 1 and 2 - Assignment Example After the preliminary greetings and a few questions on his part about my background (both educational and social), which I later figured out was to make him comfortable as well, we got down to the interview. The questions I asked were not direct hence required further explanations after the â€Å"yes† or â€Å"no† and this is what made the interview take long. All the questions were structured in such a way that they would eventually provide answers my objectives without having to necessarily ask directly. The challenges he provided that the nurse educator encountered when performing his roles were from both a subjective and objective view and since he had an experience of over thirty years as a nurse educator, these views were from a professional eye. According to him in his interview, there were many challenges some which were easily solved and expected but others which were unexpected, unsolvable and which had made quite a few number of the nurse educators opt to change career, move to another specialty of nursing and others leaving nursing all together after losing their license to practice (especially those that could not keep their professional and personal involvement with student apart) (Clarke, 2006). The biggest of these challenges was time management especially since one had duties as a teacher, a faculty member, other administrative roles and even the personal life. Other than that, the other challenge was on ensuring cultural competence and gender sensitivity when teaching and even socializing since students and faculty members had different cultural beliefs (I am experienced in this area and it will not become a problem to me). The nurse educator also had the challenge of ensuring that the teaching was fostering the cognitive, affective and even psychomotor development in line with the nurse educator competency and roles (Bastable, 2008). The other minor challenges included: coming up with an unbiased